ALERT: AT&T to Spin-Off WarnerMedia, Merge it with Discovery
On May 17, 2021, before the market open, AT&T Inc. (NYSE: T) announced that the company has reached an agreement to spin-off WarnerMedia, which will immediately merge with Discovery Inc. (NASDAQ: DISCA, DISCB, DISCK) in a Reverse Morris Trust (“”RMT””). The transactions, which if completed are expected to be completed mid-year 2022 and be tax-free to shareholders, will include an approximate $43 billion dividend from DISCA to T, and result in T shareholders of record owning 71% of the newly combined, yet to be named, company, with Discovery shareholders owning 29%.
AT&T currently operates under three reportable segments: Communications ($138.9 billion in revenue and $49.0 billion in EBITDA in 2020), WarnerMedia ($30.4 billion and $8.9 billion EBITDA in 2020), and Latin America ($5.7 billion in revenue and $280 million in EBITDA in 2020). The communications segment provides wireless and wireline voice, video and broadband services under the AT&T, Cricket, and DIRECTV brand names. The company has approximately 183 million mobile subscribers, 17 million video subscribers, and 14 million broadband and internet subscribers. Notably, the communications segment has been a focus of investment in recent years, as the wireless industry continues to rollout 5G infrastructure. In February 2020, T spent $23 billion at the latest FCC 5G spectrum auction, being outspent only by Verizon Communications (NYSE: VZ), which spent $45 billion. The Latin America segment provides video and wireless service in Latin America and Mexico, and accounts for approximately 3% of consolidated revenue.
T’s WarnerMedia segment owns a portfolio of media assets that include streaming service HBOMAX, premium video channels HBO and Cinemax, news network CNN, movie studio Warner Brothers, and television networks TBS and TNT, amongst others. The assets were primarily acquired in 2018 when T purchased Time Warner Inc. in a stock and cash deal that at the time was valued at $85 billion. Since the acquisition, the company has focused on development and rollout of its HBOMAX streaming service, including continued investment in its original content portfolio.
Following the spin-off of WarnerMedia, T’s revenue and profitability will return to be dominated by the wireless services division, with an improved balance sheet that will allow for continued investment in wireless and fiber infrastructure. Post-spin AT&T expects near-term (2022-2024) revenue growth in the low single digit range, driven from wireless service and broadband growth. Adjusted EBITDA is forecast to grow in the mid-single digit range based on revenue growth, cost efficiencies, and returns on investment s from both wireless and fiber infrastructure. The company plans to double its fiber footprint and reach 30 million customer locations by year-end 2025. On a pro forma basis the company would have generated approximately $134 billion in revenue and $45.6 billion in EBITDA in 2020. Notably, management did highlight that EPS growth rates should exceed that of EBITDA growth based on the reduction of debt via the $43 billion payment received in the merger.
Discovery Inc. is a global media company that includes linear platforms, free-to-air and broadcast television, and direct-to-consumer subscription products. The company has significant worldwide presence, with approximately 12 channels in every country, and boasts 3.7 billion cumulative subscribers and viewers. The company’s portfolio includes brands such as Discovery Channel, HGTV, Food Network, and TLC, amongst other well-known properties. In January 2021, the company launched its Discovery+ streaming platform, which includes a vast category of original programing from across the company’s channels and exclusive original series. In 2020, Discovery generated $10.7 billion in revenue and $4.4 billion adjusted EBITDA.
On a pro-forma basis, the combined Discovery and WarnerMedia would have generated $39 billion in revenue and $12 billion in adjusted EBITDA in 2020. Post-Merger, the new company expects to generate $52 billion in revenue and $14 billion in adjusted EBITDA in 2023. The expected 2023 revenue base includes $15 billion indirect to consumer (DTC) revenue, primarily from HBOMAX and Discovery+ streaming platforms. Additionally, the combined company seeks to achieve run-rate cost savings synergies in excess of $3 billion, with free cash flow generation to be used to de lever the balance sheet. Following the merger, Discovery will carry debt of approximately $55 billion, equating to 5x gross leverage. Discovery targets a long-term leverage target of 2.5x-3.0x, which management expects to achieve in about 24 months post-merger. The debt paydown, will come in addition to annual content investments of more than $20 billion as the company looks to cement its position in the competitive streaming industry.
PRELIMINARY VALUATION
In terms of rationale, the transactions appear to make sense for both companies. With the successful launch of HBOMAX, T would have to continue to invest significant financial resources in content production to sustain momentum. At the same time, the communications focus on 5G and fiber rollout are also in need of capital. The cash infusion from the $43 billion payment allows the company greater flexibility in spending while the capital allocation and investment thesis become clearer without the WarnerMedia assets. For Discovery, the addition of WarnerMedia diversifies its business away from traditional broadcast/linear television and significantly improves its DTC revenue base from the current Discovery+ streaming business. Significant free cash flow will allow for a rapid reduction in outstanding debt while not restraining content investments need to continue to drive growth.
Based on WarnerMedia and Discovery 2020 results, combined with managements expectations for revenue growth and profitability it could be forecast that the newly combined company would generate $47 billion in revenue and $12.7 billion in EBITDA. Our revenue projections assume a 10% annual increase, which implies that the 2023 revenue would total almost $52 billion, while the 27% margin implies $14 billion in EBITDA, both of which are in line with management’s expectations. Post-merger, the company will continue to be compared to large media conglomerates such as Fox Corp. (NASDAQ: FOXA) and Viacom CBS Inc. (NASDAQ: VIAC), which trade at 8.5x and 7.9x the 2022 consensus EBITDA estimate, while the significantly larger streaming component than prior to the merger will allow for comparison to Netflix Inc. (NASDAQ: NFLX) and The Walt Disney Co. (NYSE: DIS), which trade at 26.5x and 21.7x the 2022 consensus EBITDA estimate. For its part, DISCA currently trades at 10.4x. We would expect modest multiple expansion to occur given the added assets, as such valuing shares at 11.0x our 2022 EBITDA estimate an enterprise value estimate of $140.2 billion is derived. Incorporating net debt of $57.8 billion, which includes the addition of $43 billion, and 1.78 billion shares outstanding, which includes 1.3 billion of new shares issued to T shareholders in the merger, a post-merger fair value estimate for Discovery of $46 per share is derived.
Following the spin-off of WarnerMedia, assuming 4% annual revenue growth and a 34% EBITDA margin, T would generate $145 billion in revenue and $49 billion in EBITDA in 2022. Shares of T currently trade at 8.0x the consensus 2022 EBITDA estimate, and will most aptly be comparable to Verizon Communications Inc (VZ), and to a lesser degree T-Mobile US Inc. (TMUS), and United States Cellular Corp. (USM), which on average trade at 7.5x the consensus 2022 EBITDA estimate. Applying the peer multiple to our EBITDA estimate, incorporating adjusted net debt of $166 billion, and 7.1 billion shares outstanding, a post-spin fair value estimate of $28 per share is derived. On a pre-spin basis, which includes the value of Discovery shares to be received in the merger, shares of AT&T are fairly valued at $37 per share.